Have you ever noticed a small bump on the underside of your jawline? The submandibular gland is a crucial part of your salivary glands, which produces 70% of your saliva. While it’s not always noticeable, some people can actually feel their submandibular gland under their chin. If you’re wondering why this gland is so important and what to do if it causes any discomfort, then get ready to dive into the fascinating world of anatomy!
Most people tend to neglect their submandibular gland, mainly because they don’t even know it exists. However, this tiny cluster of cells plays a pivotal role in maintaining oral health and digestion. The submandibular gland is responsible for releasing important enzymes that break down food, making it easier for us to swallow and digest. This also helps to promote a healthy oral environment by neutralizing acids and preventing tooth decay.
So, can submandibular gland be felt? The answer is yes and no. While it’s an important gland, it’s not always palpable. Some people may feel a small lump or swelling, causing discomfort and even pain. In these cases, it’s essential to seek medical attention and receive adequate treatment. In case you’re already feeling uneasy about your submandibular gland, read on to find out what could be causing it and how to manage it effectively.
Anatomy of the Submandibular Gland
The submandibular gland is one of the major salivary glands located beneath the floor of the mouth. It is a paired gland that produces thick and viscous saliva, accounting for 70% of the total saliva production and has a distinctive shape resembling a banana. It measures approximately 5 cm in length, 3 cm in breadth, and 2 cm in thickness, and weighs around 25 grams. The gland is located on the inner surface of the mandible, below the chin and at the angle of the jaw on either side of the neck. It sits in a deep groove called the submandibular fossa, which separates it from the surrounding structures.
Functions of the Submandibular Gland
- The submandibular gland is responsible for secreting saliva that contains digestive enzymes such as amylase that helps digest carbohydrates and lysozyme that helps in killing bacteria.
- It also lubricates the oral cavity to facilitate chewing, swallowing, speaking, and maintaining oral hygiene.
- The gland secretes mucus that protects the oral cavity from infection and helps in forming a bolus for easier swallowing.
Blood and Nerve Supply of the Submandibular Gland
The gland is supplied by the facial artery and the submental artery, which originate from the external carotid artery. The venous blood from the gland is drained by the submental vein and the facial vein, which both drain into the internal jugular vein. The gland is also supplied by the facial nerve, which provides parasympathetic innervation to the gland through the submandibular ganglion. This nerve releases acetylcholine that stimulates the gland to produce saliva.
Structural Features of the Submandibular Gland
The submandibular gland is divided into two parts: a superficial part and a deep part. The superficial part lies on the surface of the gland and is composed of serous acini that produce watery saliva. The deep part of the gland lies beneath the superficial part and is composed of mixed acini that produce both watery and mucous saliva. The gland is covered by a capsule and has a duct that opens into the floor of the mouth, near the frenulum of the tongue. The duct of the submandibular gland is called the Wharton’s duct and is approximately 5 cm in length. It runs forward and upward and opens at the sublingual caruncle in the floor of the mouth, on either side of the lingual frenulum.
| Features of the Submandibular Gland | Description |
|---|---|
| Location | Inner surface of the mandible |
| Size | Approximately 5 cm in length, 3 cm in breadth, and 2 cm in thickness |
| Weight | Approximately 25 grams |
| Duct | Wharton’s duct, approximately 5 cm in length |
| Composition | Superficial part composed of serous acini, deep part composed of mixed acini |
In conclusion, the submandibular gland is an important gland that plays a crucial role in maintaining oral health and function. Its unique anatomy and structural features make it easily accessible to healthcare providers for examination and treatment. Understanding the anatomy of this gland can aid in the early diagnosis and treatment of various oral and systemic diseases.
Functions of the Submandibular Gland
The submandibular gland is one of the three major salivary glands located in the mouth and neck region. This gland has numerous important functions that support the digestive and immune systems of the body, ensuring proper health and physiological balance. The following are some of the functions of the submandibular gland:
- Production of saliva: The submandibular gland secretes saliva, which is an important fluid that moistens and lubricates the mouth and throat. Saliva also contains enzymes that help break down food particles and begin the process of digestion. In addition, saliva helps neutralize the acidity of the mouth and protects the teeth and gums from decay and infections.
- Control of bacterial and viral infections: The submandibular gland contains immune cells that help fight bacterial and viral infections in the mouth and throat. These cells can detect and destroy harmful microbes that can cause various oral diseases, such as gingivitis, periodontitis, and oral candidiasis.
- Regulation of blood flow: The submandibular gland receives a rich blood supply from the facial and lingual arteries, which provide oxygen and nutrients to the gland and surrounding tissues. This blood supply also helps regulate the temperature of the mouth and neck, ensuring proper thermoregulation and metabolic activity.
The Structure of the Submandibular Gland
The submandibular gland is a small, oval-shaped organ located beneath the lower jaw bone on either side of the neck. It is composed of many tiny ducts and alveoli that extend into the mouth and throat, allowing for the secretion of saliva and other fluids. The gland is surrounded by a network of blood vessels, lymphatic channels, and nerves that control its functions and provide it with necessary resources.
The Disorders of the Submandibular Gland
The submandibular gland can be affected by a variety of disorders that can impair its functions and cause discomfort or pain. Some of the common disorders associated with the submandibular gland include:
| Disorder | Cause | Symptoms |
|---|---|---|
| Salivary gland stones | Accumulation of calcium and other minerals in the gland | Pain, swelling, difficulty swallowing, dry mouth |
| Mumps | Viruses that infect the salivary glands | Fever, swelling, headache, muscle pain |
| Salivary gland tumors | Growth of abnormal cells in the gland | Painless lump, difficulty swallowing, facial paralysis |
It is important to seek medical attention if you experience any of these symptoms or suspect a problem with your submandibular gland. Treatment options may include medication, surgery, or other conservative measures depending on the severity and type of the disorder.
How to Detect Enlarged Submandibular Gland
The submandibular gland is one of the major salivary glands located at the base of the jawline. It is responsible for producing saliva, which aids in chewing, swallowing and digestion. An enlarged submandibular gland can indicate the presence of a medical condition, such as a salivary stone, infection or tumor. Here are some ways to detect an enlarged submandibular gland:
- Physical examination: A healthcare provider will feel the area under the jaw for any abnormalities or swelling. The submandibular gland is usually not noticeable, but an enlarged gland can be felt as a lump or mass.
- Ultrasound: This imaging test uses sound waves to produce images of the inside of the body. An ultrasound can detect the size, shape, and texture of the submandibular gland, as well as any abnormalities or growths.
- CT Scan or MRI: These imaging tests are more detailed than ultrasounds and can provide more information about the submandibular gland and surrounding structures. They are usually recommended when an abnormality is detected on an ultrasound or physical examination.
If you notice any swelling or irregularities under your jawline, it is important to seek medical attention. Early detection and treatment of an enlarged submandibular gland can prevent complications and ensure the best possible outcome.
Common causes of an enlarged submandibular gland
An enlarged submandibular gland can be caused by a variety of factors. Some of the common causes include:
- Salivary stones: These are small, hard deposits that can form in the salivary glands and block the flow of saliva. This can cause the gland to become enlarged and painful.
- Infections: Bacterial or viral infections can cause inflammation of the submandibular gland and surrounding tissues. This can lead to swelling and pain.
- Tumors: Both benign and malignant tumors can occur in the submandibular gland. These can cause enlargement, pain, and other symptoms.
Treatment for an enlarged submandibular gland
The treatment for an enlarged submandibular gland depends on the underlying cause. Some possible treatments include:
| Treatment | Description |
|---|---|
| Salivary gland massage | This can help to stimulate the flow of saliva, dislodge salivary stones, and relieve pain and swelling. |
| Antibiotics or antivirals | These medications can be prescribed to treat infections that may be causing the enlargement. |
| Surgery | If a tumor or other growth is causing the enlargement, surgery may be required to remove it. In some cases, the entire gland may need to be removed. |
If you have an enlarged submandibular gland, your healthcare provider will work with you to determine the best course of treatment based on your specific needs and medical history.
Common Conditions Affecting the Submandibular Gland
The submandibular gland is one of the three main salivary glands located in the floor of the mouth. This gland secretes saliva that helps in the digestion and lubrication of food in the mouth. While it is usually a healthy gland, there are certain conditions that can affect its normal functioning.
1. Submandibular Gland Stones
- Submandibular gland stones, also known as sialolithiasis, are small, hard deposits that form in the salivary gland or the ducts that carry saliva from the gland to the mouth.
- The stones can cause pain, swelling, and discomfort in the gland area.
- In some cases, the stone may block the duct, leading to infection and abscess formation.
2. Sialadenitis
Sialadenitis is an inflammation of the submandibular gland, caused by a bacterial or viral infection. The condition usually presents with pain, swelling, and redness in the gland area. In severe cases, the patient may also have a fever and difficulty in opening the mouth.
3. Mucocele
Mucocele is a condition where there is a buildup of mucus in the submandibular gland. It usually presents as a soft, painless lump under the tongue or in the floor of the mouth. The condition is caused by a blockage in the duct that carries saliva from the gland to the mouth.
4. Sialadenosis
Sialadenosis is a non-inflammatory condition where there is enlargement of the submandibular gland. It is usually caused by an underlying medical condition such as diabetes, alcoholism, or malnutrition. The gland may become firm and tender, but there is usually no pain or discomfort. Treatment involves managing the underlying condition, and in some cases, surgical removal of the gland.
| Condition | Cause | Symptoms | Treatment |
|---|---|---|---|
| Submandibular gland stones | Calcium deposits in the gland or ducts | Pain, swelling, and discomfort in the gland area | Removal of the stone, antibiotics to treat infection |
| Sialadenitis | Bacterial or viral infection | Pain, swelling, redness, fever | Antibiotics, pain medication, warm compresses |
| Mucocele | Blockage in the duct that carries saliva from the gland to the mouth | Painless, soft lump under the tongue or in the floor of the mouth | Surgical removal of the lump, management of the underlying cause |
| Sialadenosis | Underlying medical conditions such as diabetes, alcoholism, or malnutrition | Firm and tender gland enlargement | Management of the underlying condition, surgical removal of the gland in some cases |
It is important to seek medical attention if there is any swelling or pain in the submandibular gland area. Early diagnosis and treatment can prevent complications and ensure a fast and complete recovery.
Treatment Options for Submandibular Gland Disorders
The submandibular gland is a salivary gland located in the lower jaw area that produces saliva. It can sometimes become enlarged or infected due to various factors such as blockage, inflammation, or even cancer. Here are some treatment options for submandibular gland disorders that you should know:
- Antibiotics: If your submandibular gland is infected, your doctor may prescribe antibiotics to fight the infection. Be sure to take the full course of antibiotics to avoid recurring infections.
- Salivary gland massage: This technique involves massaging the submandibular gland to help remove blockages or stones from the duct. Salivary gland massage should be done by a professional to avoid causing further damage to the gland.
- Salivary gland removal: In severe cases where the submandibular gland is infected or cancerous, surgical removal of the gland may be necessary to avoid further complications.
In addition to these treatment options, patients with submandibular gland disorders should also take care of their oral hygiene. Proper dental care can help prevent the development of infections and blockages in the salivary gland. Drinking plenty of water and avoiding alcohol and tobacco products can also help maintain the health of your submandibular gland.
If you are experiencing any symptoms of a submandibular gland disorder, such as difficulty swallowing, swelling or tenderness in the jaw area, or dry mouth, it is important to seek medical attention immediately. Early detection and treatment can help prevent further complications and improve your overall quality of life.
To better understand the treatment options, you may refer to the table below for a quick summary:
| Treatment Options | Description |
|---|---|
| Antibiotics | Prescribed medication to fight infection |
| Salivary gland massage | Professional massage of submandibular gland to remove blockages or stones from duct |
| Salivary gland removal | Surgical removal of submandibular gland in severe cases of infection or cancer |
Risks and Complications of Submandibular Gland Surgery
Submandibular gland surgery is a surgical procedure that involves removing some or all of the submandibular gland. Although it is usually a safe procedure, there are several risks and complications associated with it.
- Bleeding: Bleeding is a common complication of submandibular gland surgery. The surgeon will usually check for bleeding during the surgery and take steps to control it, but in some cases, bleeding may occur after the surgery is over. If bleeding does occur, the patient may require additional surgery to stop it.
- Infection: Like any surgical procedure, submandibular gland surgery carries a risk of infection. The surgeon will take steps to prevent infection, such as administering antibiotics before and after the surgery, but in some cases, an infection may occur. Symptoms of infection include fever, redness, swelling, and discharge from the incision site.
- Nerve damage: The submandibular gland is located near several important nerves, including the lingual nerve and the hypoglossal nerve. Damage to these nerves can result in speech difficulties, tongue weakness, and difficulty swallowing.
Other potential risks and complications of submandibular gland surgery include:
- Reaction to anesthesia
- Scarring
- Allergic reaction to sutures or dressings
To minimize the risks and complications associated with submandibular gland surgery, it is important to carefully follow your surgeon’s instructions before and after the procedure. This may include avoiding certain medications, not eating or drinking for a certain period of time before the surgery, and taking antibiotics as prescribed.
If you experience any symptoms of a complication after submandibular gland surgery, such as bleeding, infection, or nerve damage, it is important to contact your surgeon right away. Early treatment can help minimize the risk of complications and ensure the best possible outcome.
| Risks and Complications of Submandibular Gland Surgery | ||
|---|---|---|
| Bleeding | Infection | Nerve damage |
| Reaction to anesthesia | Scarring | Allergic reaction to sutures or dressings |
Submandibular gland surgery is usually a safe and effective procedure, but like any surgery, it carries some risks. By carefully following your surgeon’s instructions and watching for signs of complications, you can help ensure the best possible outcome from the surgery.
Pre and Post-operative Care for Submandibular Gland Surgery
Submandibular gland surgery is a procedure that involves the removal of one or both submandibular glands located under the jawbone on either side of the neck. This surgical procedure is done to treat a variety of conditions, including salivary gland stones, infections, tumors, and other obstructions. The surgery involves making an incision under the jawbone, removing the gland, and closing the incision with stitches.
Pre-operative care is essential to ensure a successful submandibular gland surgery. Before undergoing surgery, the patient is required to undergo a medical evaluation to determine if there are any pre-existing conditions that could increase the risk of complications during the surgery. The evaluation may include a physical exam, blood tests, imaging tests such as a CT scan, and a consultation with the anesthesiologist. The surgeon will provide the patient with specific instructions on how to prepare for the surgery, such as avoiding certain medications, fasting for a specific number of hours, and arranging for transportation to and from the facility.
- Stop smoking: Smoking before or after the surgery may cause complications, so it’s important to stop smoking for at least two weeks before and after the surgery.
- Avoid solid food: The patient may be asked to avoid solid food for eight hours before the surgery and only consume clear liquids such as water or clear juice.
- Inform your surgeon of any medications you are taking: Some medications increase the risk of bleeding during surgery, so the surgeon may ask the patient to stop taking them for a specific period before the surgery.
Post-operative care is crucial to ensure a speedy recovery and reduce the risk of complications after submandibular gland surgery. The surgeon will provide the patient with specific instructions on how to care for the incision site, how to manage pain, and when to resume normal activities.
After surgery, a patient may experience pain, swelling, and bruising. It’s essential to take prescribed pain medications, apply ice packs to the site, and keep the head elevated while resting to reduce pain and swelling.
| Activity | When to Resume |
|---|---|
| Driving | After 24 hours |
| Work | 2-3 days after surgery, depending on the job’s physical nature and overall healing progress |
| Exercise | At least two weeks after surgery under the surgeon’s advice |
The patient should also avoid solid food and stick to a soft or liquid diet for the first few days after surgery. The surgeon may prescribe antibiotics to prevent infection, and it’s essential to follow the instructions carefully. The patient should also attend post-operative follow-up visits with the surgeon to ensure proper healing.
Overall, submandibular gland surgery is a safe and effective procedure that can provide relief from a range of conditions. Proper pre and post-operative care is essential for a successful outcome and a speedy recovery.
FAQs: Can Submandibular Gland Be Felt?
Q: What is the submandibular gland?
A: The submandibular gland is a salivary gland located underneath the lower jawbone.
Q: Can you feel your submandibular gland?
A: Yes, the submandibular gland can be felt by pressing your fingers on the underside of your jawbone.
Q: Should I be concerned if I can feel my submandibular gland?
A: Feeling the submandibular gland is normal and usually nothing to worry about.
Q: Can a swollen submandibular gland be felt?
A: Yes, a swollen submandibular gland can be felt and may indicate an infection or other medical issue.
Q: What are the symptoms of a swollen submandibular gland?
A: Symptoms may include pain, tenderness, redness, or a lump under the jaw.
Q: How is a swollen submandibular gland treated?
A: Treatment varies depending on the underlying cause but may include antibiotics, anti-inflammatory medication, or surgery.
Q: Is it okay to touch or massage the submandibular gland?
A: Generally, it is not necessary to touch or massage the submandibular gland. If you are experiencing symptoms, it is best to consult a healthcare professional.
Closing Thoughts
We hope these FAQs have helped answer some of your questions about the submandibular gland. Remember that feeling this gland is normal, but if you experience any unusual symptoms, it’s always a good idea to consult a healthcare professional. Thanks for reading and be sure to visit again for more helpful health information.