In Chinese, the word for work is “工作” (gōngzuò). It is composed of two characters: “工” (gōng) meaning “labor” or “work” and “作” (zuò) meaning “to do” or “to make.” When combined, these characters represent the concept of engaging in labor or performing tasks to accomplish a specific purpose. The term “工作” encompasses a broad range of activities, including employment, occupation, or simply the act of working on a task. It is a fundamental aspect of daily life and an integral part of Chinese culture and society.
Translations for the word “work” in Chinese
When it comes to translating the English word “work” into Chinese, there are multiple options depending on the specific context. Chinese is a rich language with various ways to express different meanings and nuances. Let’s explore some of the most common translations:
1. 工作 (gōngzuò)
The most straightforward translation for the word “work” in general is 工作 (gōngzuò). This term encompasses the broad concept of employment, job, or any type of work-related activity. It can refer to both paid and unpaid work. For example:
- 我很喜欢我的工作。(Wǒ hěn xǐhuān wǒ de gōngzuò.) – I really like my job.
- 我每天都要去上班工作。(Wǒ měitiān dōu yào qù shàngbān gōngzuò.) – I have to go to work every day.
- 做义工也是一种工作。(Zuò yìgōng yě shì yī zhǒng gōngzuò.) – Volunteering is also a type of work.
This term is widely used and can cover most situations involving work. However, for more specific contexts, other translations might be more appropriate.
Similar phrases to express “work” in Mandarin
When it comes to expressing the concept of “work” in Mandarin Chinese, there are several similar phrases that can be used. These phrases provide various nuances and contexts related to work, allowing for a more precise and accurate expression of the idea. Let’s explore some of these phrases below:
1. 工作 (gōngzuò)
The most common and straightforward way to say “work” in Mandarin is by using the word “工作” (gōngzuò). This term encompasses the general concept of work and can be used in a wide range of contexts. Whether you are talking about your job, occupation, or any other form of work, “工作” is a versatile phrase that fits perfectly.
2. 职业 (zhíyè)
If you want to specifically refer to one’s profession or occupation, you can use the term “职业” (zhíyè). This phrase emphasizes the specific career path or job someone has chosen and focuses more on the professional aspect of work. It conveys the idea of a long-term commitment and specialization within a particular field.
3. 工作内容 (gōngzuò nèiróng)
When discussing the actual content or nature of one’s work, you can use the phrase “工作内容” (gōngzuò nèiróng). This term allows you to delve deeper into the specifics of what someone does in their job. It can involve describing tasks, responsibilities, or any other details related to the actual work itself.
4. 职责 (zhízé)
Another way to express the concept of work is by using the term “职责” (zhízé), which refers to duties or responsibilities. If you want to emphasize the obligations and tasks associated with a particular role or job, this phrase is a perfect choice. It conveys a sense of responsibility and the performance of tasks that are expected in a given position.
5. 干活 (gàn huó)
A more colloquial phrase to express “work” in Mandarin is “干活” (gàn huó). This term is commonly used in casual conversations or everyday speech and can be translated as “to do labor” or “to work physically.” It is often used when referring to manual labor, physical tasks, or general hard work that requires physical exertion.
6. 劳动 (láodòng)
To express the broader concept of work, including both physical and non-physical labor, you can use the term “劳动” (láodòng). This phrase encompasses all types of work, regardless of the nature or form it takes. It can refer to both manual and intellectual labor, making it a versatile option when discussing work in a general sense.
By using these similar phrases, you can accurately convey the concept of work in Mandarin Chinese while adding nuances and depth to your conversations. Whether you’re discussing your job, profession, or the nature of your work, these phrases will ensure that your meaning is clear and well-understood.
Different dialects’ interpretations of the term “work” in Chinese
China is a vast country with a rich linguistic diversity, resulting in numerous dialects spoken across different regions. While Mandarin is the official language of China and is widely understood and spoken, there are several dialects that have their interpretations of the term “work” in Chinese. Let’s explore three different dialects and how they interpret this term:
Cantonese
Cantonese is primarily spoken in southern China, particularly in the Guangdong province and Hong Kong. In Cantonese, the term for work is pronounced as “ngo mou”. “Ngo” means “I,” and “mou” means “work.” The combination of these two words translates to “my work” or “I work.” The pronunciation might vary slightly depending on the region, but the meaning remains the same.
Hokkien
Hokkien is one of the Min Nan Chinese dialects and is predominantly spoken in Fujian province, Taiwan, and Southeast Asian countries with significant Chinese diaspora populations. In Hokkien, the term for work is pronounced as “gong keh.” “Gong” means “work,” and “keh” means “to do.” When combined, these two words signify the act of doing work. This term is commonly used in Hokkien-speaking communities to refer to work or employment.
Shanghainese
Shanghainese is a Wu Chinese dialect spoken in Shanghai and some surrounding regions. In Shanghainese, the term for work is pronounced as “wuk.” Unlike Mandarin, where “工作” (gōngzuò) is commonly used to denote work, Shanghainese’s “wuk” is a simplified term that directly refers to work. It is often used casually in conversations among locals to discuss their jobs or daily tasks.
These examples highlight just a few of the many dialects spoken in China and their interpretations of the term “work” in Chinese. The linguistic diversity within China adds to the cultural richness of the country and provides a deeper understanding of the different dialects spoken by its people.
Common idioms related to work in Chinese culture
Chinese culture has a rich array of idioms and expressions related to work. These idioms not only reflect the importance of hard work and dedication in Chinese society, but also offer valuable insights into the Chinese work ethic and values. Here are some common idioms related to work in Chinese culture:
1. 功夫不负有心人 (gōng fū bù fù yǒu xīn rén)
Literal meaning: Hard work never betrays a willing heart.
This idiom emphasizes the value of perseverance and the belief that hard work will eventually pay off. It encourages individuals to have a strong determination and work diligently towards their goals, as success is often the result of sustained effort.
2. 刻苦耐劳 (kè kǔ nài láo)
Literal meaning: To be hardworking and patient.
This idiom highlights the importance of being industrious and able to endure hardships. It reflects the Chinese belief that success can be achieved through consistent hard work and the ability to withstand challenges and setbacks.
3. 亡羊补牢 (wáng yáng bǔ láo)
Literal meaning: Mend the sheepfold after a loss of sheep.
This idiom emphasizes the significance of being proactive and taking immediate action to rectify a mistake or prevent future problems. It conveys the idea of learning from past failures and finding solutions to prevent similar occurrences in the future.
4. 工欲善其事，必先利其器 (gōng yù shàn qí shì, bì xiān lì qí qì)
Literal meaning: If one wants to do a good job, they must first sharpen their tools.
| Character | Pinyin | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| 工 | gōng | work |
| 欲 | yù | want |
| 善 | shàn | good |
| 其 | qí | its |
| 事 | shì | thing |
| 必 | bì | must |
| 先 | xiān | first |
| 利 | lì | sharpen |
| 器 | qì | tool |
This idiom conveys the importance of preparation and having the necessary resources to accomplish a task effectively. It suggests that in order to excel in one’s work, it is crucial to first acquire the right skills, knowledge, and tools. It emphasizes the significance of thorough preparation as a key factor for success in any endeavor.
5. 一寸光阴一寸金，寸金难买寸光阴 (yī cùn guāng yīn yī cùn jīn, cùn jīn nán mǎi cùn guāng yīn)
Literal meaning: An inch of time is worth an inch of gold, but an inch of gold cannot buy an inch of time.
This idiom highlights the value of time and the importance of using it wisely. It implies that time is a precious resource that should be utilized effectively and not wasted. It serves as a reminder that no amount of wealth can buy back lost time, emphasizing the need to prioritize and make the most of every moment.
- Overall, these idioms provide a glimpse into the Chinese work culture and mindset, emphasizing the values of hard work, perseverance, proactivity, preparation, and time management. Incorporating these principles into one’s professional life can contribute to success and personal fulfillment.
Variations of “work” vocabulary in written Chinese
5. Other terms related to “work”
In addition to the commonly used terms for “work” mentioned above, there are several other variations and idiomatic expressions related to work in Chinese. Here are some of them:
- 职责 (zhízé): This term refers to responsibilities and duties related to one’s job. It emphasizes the specific tasks and obligations that come with a particular position or role.
- 工种 (gōngzhǒng): This term refers to different types of work or job categories. It is often used in the context of discussing various occupations or professions.
- 工作量 (gōngzuòliàng): This term is used to describe the workload or amount of work someone has. It can be used to discuss the volume or intensity of tasks and responsibilities.
- 劳累 (láolèi): This term means tiredness or fatigue caused by work. It emphasizes the physical and mental exhaustion that can result from strenuous or prolonged work.
- 辞职 (cízhí): This term means to resign or quit a job. It refers to the act of voluntarily leaving one’s position or employment.
In Chinese, these terms add nuance and depth when discussing different aspects of work. They allow for more precise communication and convey a deeper understanding of the various elements and implications of work.
Work-related vocabulary for specific industries in China
6. Technology and Information Technology (IT) industry
The technology and IT industry in China has been booming in recent years, with the country becoming a major player in global technology development. Here are some work-related vocabulary specific to this industry:
- 计算机 (jì suàn jī) – computer
- 软件 (ruǎn jiàn) – software
- 硬件 (yìng jiàn) – hardware
- 程序员 (chéng xù yuán) – programmer
- 网页设计师 (wǎng yè shè jì shī) – web designer
- 网络安全专家 (wǎng luò ān quán zhuān jiā) – cybersecurity expert
- 人工智能 (rén gōng zhì néng) – artificial intelligence
- 数据分析师 (shù jù fēn xī shī) – data analyst
- 云计算 (yún jì suàn) – cloud computing
- 移动应用开发 (yí dòng yìng yòng kāi fā) – mobile app development
- 信息技术 (xìn xī jì shù) – information technology
In the rapidly evolving technology and IT industry in China, staying up-to-date with the latest technical vocabulary is crucial for success. Whether you are a programmer, web designer, data analyst, or any other professional in this field, having a solid understanding of these terms will help you navigate the Chinese tech scene more effectively.
The cultural significance of work in Chinese society
7. Traditional Chinese professions and their role in society
In traditional Chinese society, different professions held great significance and played vital roles in shaping the community and culture. Here are some notable traditional Chinese professions and their cultural significance:
- 1. Scholar (士): Scholars were highly respected individuals who dedicated themselves to academic pursuits. They were responsible for preserving knowledge, participating in civil service examinations, and advising the emperor on important matters. The role of scholars in Chinese society emphasized the importance of education, wisdom, and intellectual development in building a harmonious community.
- 2. Farmer (农): Farming has always been the foundation of Chinese society, as the majority of the population relied on agriculture for sustenance. Farmers were highly valued for their hard work, dedication, and ability to produce food for the community. The work of farmers symbolized the importance of agricultural traditions, sustainability, and harmony with nature in Chinese culture.
- 3. Artisan (工匠): Artisans were skilled craftsmen who excelled in various fields such as carpentry, metalworking, ceramics, and embroidery. They were responsible for creating beautiful and functional objects that enriched everyday life. Artisans not only demonstrated exceptional craftsmanship but also conveyed the values of creativity, craftsmanship, and aesthetic appreciation within Chinese society.
- 4. Merchant (商人): Merchants played a crucial role in trade and commerce, connecting different regions and facilitating economic growth. They were respected for their business acumen, entrepreneurship, and ability to forge relationships. The significance of merchants in Chinese society highlighted the importance of economic prosperity, market dynamics, and the interdependent nature of communities.
- 5. Doctor (医生): Traditional Chinese medicine has a long history and remains an integral part of Chinese healthcare. Doctors practiced holistic medicine and focused on maintaining the balance of qi (life force) within the body. Their role in society emphasized the importance of health, holistic approaches to well-being, and a deep connection with nature.
- 6. Confucian scholar (儒生): Confucian scholars were devoted followers of Confucianism, a philosophy that greatly influenced Chinese society. They studied and spread Confucius’ teachings, emphasizing principles such as filial piety, respect for elders, and social harmony. The cultural significance of Confucian scholars laid the foundation for moral values, ethical behavior, and social order in traditional Chinese society.
- 7. Craftsman (技师): Craftsmen specialized in specific crafts, such as blacksmithing, carpentry, or painting. They were highly skilled individuals who passed down their knowledge through generations, preserving traditional techniques and craftsmanship. The role of craftsmen emphasized the importance of mastery, dedication, and the preservation of heritage within Chinese culture.
Frequently Asked Questions about How to Say Work in Chinese
How do you say work in Chinese?
In Chinese, the word for work is “工作” (gōngzuò). You can pronounce it as gong-zwoh.
Are there any alternative words or phrases to express work in Chinese?
Yes, other words or phrases that can express work in Chinese include “劳动” (láodòng) and “职业” (zhíyè). However, “工作” (gōngzuò) is the most commonly used term.
Can you provide the pronunciation of other related words?
Sure! Here are the pronunciations of some related words:
– Occupation: 职业 (zhíyè) – pronounced as zhi-yeh
– Job: 工作 (gōngzuò) – pronounced as gong-zwoh
– Career: 事业 (shìyè) – pronounced as shi-yeh
How can I use the word “work” in a sentence?
Here’s an example of how you can use the word “work” in a sentence: “我每天都去工作” (wǒ měitiān dōu qù gōngzuò), which means “I go to work every day.”
Thanks for Reading!
We hope these FAQs have helped you understand how to say work in Chinese. If you have any more questions, feel free to visit us again later. Happy learning!